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Katrs no mums kaut reizi dz\u012bv\u0113 ir m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jis v\u012bns. Tom\u0113r, ar v\u0113sturi, v\u012bna dar\u012b\u0161anas paz\u012bstami t\u0101lu ne visi. Lai gan tas ir dz\u0113riens, kas tiek uzskat\u012bta par vienu no sen\u0101kaj\u0101m un v\u0113sture to izcelsme ir \u013coti interesanta. <\/p>\n
Pirmais piemin\u0113t vainas tika atrastas Gruzijas. Uz burk\u0101s no m\u0101la pazi\u0146ojumi aptuveni 6 t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu pirms m\u016bsu \u0113ras, tika att\u0113lota v\u012bnogul\u0101jiem. Citus pier\u0101d\u012bjumus nodarb\u012bbu v\u012bna dar\u012b\u0161anas tika atrasti dienvidu rajonos Kauk\u0101za starp Tigru un \u0415\u0432\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c uz N\u012blas upes. Ar\u012b Palest\u012bn\u0101. \u013boti interesanti bija nelaimes gad\u012bjums trauk\u0101, apak\u0161\u0101, kura ir atradu\u0161i \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 atliekas v\u012bna. Trauks tika izgatavots par 5400-5000 pirms m\u016bsu \u0113ras! Atrad\u0101m to, Ir\u0101n\u0101. <\/p>\n
Var teikt, ka att\u012bst\u012bba v\u012bna un civiliz\u0101cijas g\u0101ja paral\u0113li. Senie \u0113\u0123iptie\u0161i bija profesion\u0101\u013ci \u0161aj\u0101 jom\u0101. Par to liecina atrastie veicot izrakumus kape\u0146u gleznas ar da\u017e\u0101du ainas \u2013 r\u016bpes par v\u012bnog\u0101m, ra\u017eas nov\u0101k\u0161ana, izgatavo\u0161ana v\u012bna. Pats interesant\u0101kais, ka senie \u0113\u0123iptie\u0161i svin\u0113ja nov\u0101k\u0161anas gads un \u012bpa\u0161nieka v\u0101rdu tie\u0161i t\u0101, k\u0101 m\u0113s to dar\u0101m \u0161odien.<\/p>\n
Uz “Epos\u0101 par \u0413\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0448\u0435”, \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c aptuveni 1800 g. pirms m\u016bsu \u0113ras, ir piemin\u0113ts vainas d\u0113\u013c. Po\u0113m\u0101 aprakst\u012bta cilv\u0113ks, kur\u0161 neko nav dz\u0113ris un vi\u0146\u0161 p\u0101rtika vien\u012bgi augu valsts bar\u012bbu. Reiz vi\u0146am bija j\u0101izdzer v\u012bna. T\u0101 apraksta autors st\u0101voklis: “sajutu sv\u0113tlaimi, un vi\u0146a sirds \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c prieku”. Sen\u0101k\u0101 gr\u0101mata cilv\u0113ces – B\u012bbele ar\u012b ir piemin\u0113ts vainas d\u0113\u013c. P\u0113c ekspertu apr\u0113\u0137iniem tas ir min\u0113ts tekstos 521 reizes.<\/p>\n
Nevar nepiemin\u0113t ar\u012b par seno \u0413\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0445. Viena no le\u0123end\u0101m ir run\u0101ts par to, k\u0101 dievs Dion\u012bss m\u0101ca \u0418\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f, iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju Maz\u0101, audz\u0113t v\u012bnogas un gatavot no t\u0101s dzert. Cita le\u0123enda st\u0101sta par suni, kas \u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c v\u012bnogu kr\u016bmiem. Suns pieder\u0113ja \u041e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0444\u0435\u044e, kas st\u0101d\u012bti \u0161is kr\u016bms un kop\u0161 t\u0101 laika s\u0101ka augt v\u012bnogas. Tre\u0161aj\u0101 le\u0123endu ir st\u0101st\u012bts par to, ka v\u012bnogul\u0101ju tika atrasta \u043e\u0432\u0446\u043e\u0439, kas past\u0101v\u012bgi \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c no gan\u0101mpulka un n\u0101k m\u0101j\u0101s v\u0113l\u0101k visiem. Gans Stafylos reiz nol\u0113mu sekot vi\u0146u un redz\u0113ja, ka vi\u0146a \u0113d aug\u013cus nezin\u0101mas vi\u0146am augi. Stafylos kop\u0101 nedaudz aug\u013cu un aiznes to savam saimniekam \u041e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0443. Savuk\u0101rt, \u041e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441 iev\u0113rojis, ka sula, ieg\u016bta no aug\u013ciem nezin\u0101mas augi, ar laiku maina gar\u0161u un ir \u043e\u0445\u043c\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u012bpa\u0161umu. Vi\u0146\u0161 nol\u0113ma, lai to d\u0101vanu dievam \u0414\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0443, kas v\u0113l\u0101k m\u0101ca to izstr\u0101d\u0101jumu kolekcija. <\/p>\n
Iedz\u012bvot\u0101ji no austrumiem \u2013 \u0137\u012bnas – ir p\u0101rliecin\u0101ti, ka pirmie v\u012bna dzemd\u012bbu namu tie\u0161i no vi\u0146u valsts. K\u0101 pier\u0101d\u012bjums tam ir le\u0123endas par dievu Yu, kas veicin\u0101ja v\u012bna dar\u012b\u0161anai. Uz persie\u0161u le\u0123endas st\u0101sta par v\u012bna izcelsmi, un ir min\u0113ts \u0137\u0113ni\u0146\u0161 \u0414\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0448\u0438\u0434. Le\u0123enda basku par varoni v\u0101rd\u0101 Uno ir min\u0113ts, ka vi\u0146\u0161 atveda pirmo v\u012bnkop\u012bbas. <\/p>\n
Interesanti ir tas, ka fran\u010di, slaven\u0101 l\u012bdz \u0161im pieredze \u0161aj\u0101 jom\u0101, v\u012bna, nerun\u0101 par kaut k\u0101diem v\u0113sturiskiem faktiem. <\/p>\n
Var secin\u0101t, ka v\u012bns ir uz m\u016bsu plan\u0113tas jau vair\u0101k nek\u0101 5 t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu. V\u012bns ir divas puses. T\u0101 ir \u012bpa\u0161\u012bba iz\u0101rst\u0113t likmi no da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m slim\u012bb\u0101m, bet, ja \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c lietotu, un var pazudin\u0101t cilv\u0113ku. V\u012bnu \u2013 prieks un jautr\u012bba, bet, taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101, tas ir \u2013 b\u0113das un tr\u016bkums. Cilv\u0113ces v\u0113stur\u0113, jo v\u012bna \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c kara. Da\u017ei slaveni m\u0101kslas darbi rad\u0101s sakar\u0101 ar v\u012bnu. Var teikt, ka v\u012bns ietekm\u0113ja vair\u0101ki galvenie notikumi.<\/p>\n
V\u012bns ir mitolo\u0123isk\u0101 noz\u012bme, t\u0101 ir z\u012bme augl\u012bbas, tas tiek sal\u012bdzin\u0101ts ar cilv\u0113ka asin\u012bm. Piem\u0113ram, J\u0113zus Kristus teica: “\u0160\u012bs ir manas asinis” un vi\u0146\u0161 \u0146\u0113ma bi\u0137eri ar v\u012bnu. Prieku dz\u012bv\u0113 v\u012bns bija seno \u0113\u0123iptie\u0161u. Pats grie\u0137u dievs Zevs patronized \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e.<\/p>\n
Pasaules reli\u0123iju izturas sav\u0101d\u0101k pie vainas. Kristie\u0161i piel\u012bdzina v\u012bns ar asin\u012bm, t\u0101 Kunga, musulma\u0146i neveicina dzerot \u0161o dz\u0113rienu, Buda aicina attur\u0113ties no \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 dz\u0113rienu, j\u016bdaisms pie\u013cauj lieto\u0161ana tikai ko\u0161era v\u012bnu. <\/p>\n
Ir daudz da\u017e\u0101du viedok\u013cu par v\u012bnu. Luijs Past\u0113rs ir teicis, ka “ir v\u012bns, ar piln\u0101m ties\u012bb\u0101m var uzskat\u012bt par vesel\u0101ko un \u013coti higi\u0113niska dz\u0113rienu”. Laul\u0101tais romas imperatora Augusta, \u0137eizariene L\u012bvija, uzskat\u012bja, ka nodz\u012bvot l\u012bdz 82 gadiem vi\u0146ai pal\u012bdz\u0113ja tie\u0161i v\u012bna dzer\u0161ana. Pat varenais J\u016blijs C\u0113zars Koment\u0101ros st\u0101st\u012bja par v\u012bnu. V\u012bns atst\u0101ja savu ietekmi ar\u012b uz politiku. M\u012blest\u012bba pret \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0443 bija sabiedrotais, lai Anglij\u0101 un Portug\u0101l\u0113. <\/p>\n
Cilv\u0113ki v\u0113l joproj\u0101m str\u012bdas par labu v\u012bnu. Bet diez vai \u0161is str\u012bds b\u016bs k\u0101ds beigusies. J\u0101, un k\u0101p\u0113c j\u0101atbild uz jaut\u0101jumu “vai ir Kait\u012bgs, tas ir, vai ir lietder\u012bgi?”. V\u012bns atnes laimi un, taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101, var pazudin\u0101t cilv\u0113ku. Viss ir atkar\u012bgs tikai no t\u0101, k\u0101 cilv\u0113ks pats attiecas uz addicting v\u012bna. <\/p>\n
M\u016bsdien\u012bga v\u012bna v\u0113sture \u0146em savu s\u0101kumu s\u0101kum\u0101 m\u016bsu \u0113ras pirm\u0101 gadu t\u016bksto\u0161a Uz to br\u012bdi past\u0101v\u0113ja vair\u0101k nek\u0101 80 \u0161\u0137ir\u0146u v\u012bni. \u0160odien, daudz\u0101m pasaules valst\u012bm rada milz\u012bgais skaits da\u017e\u0101du v\u012bnu. Francij\u0101 ir m\u012btne organiz\u0101cijas Starptautisk\u0101s v\u012bnkop\u012bbas un v\u012bna. \u0160\u012b organiz\u0101cija apvieno jau 45 pasaules valst\u012bm. <\/p>\n
\u0160odien v\u012bndar\u012b\u0161anas izplat\u012bta visur. Tas uz\u0146em savus apgriezienus dienvidu valst\u012bs – Austr\u0101lij\u0101, DIENVID\u0100FRIK\u0100. Katru gadu tiek veikta 71 milj. hektolitru. Da\u013ca augstv\u0113rt\u012bga v\u012bna past\u0101v\u012bgi pieaug. Pat neskatoties uz to, ka pasaules plat\u012bba v\u012bna d\u0101rziem ir tendence samazin\u0101ties.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Katrs no mums kaut reizi dz\u012bv\u0113 ir m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jis v\u012bns. Tom\u0113r, ar v\u0113sturi, v\u012bna dar\u012b\u0161anas paz\u012bstami t\u0101lu ne visi. Lai gan tas ir dz\u0113riens, kas tiek uzskat\u012bta par vienu no sen\u0101kaj\u0101m un v\u0113sture to izcelsme ir \u013coti interesanta. Pirmais piemin\u0113t vainas tika atrastas Gruzijas. Uz burk\u0101s no m\u0101la pazi\u0146ojumi aptuveni 6 t\u016bksto\u0161iem gadu pirms m\u016bsu \u0113ras,<\/p>\n