{"id":4535,"date":"2019-12-28T02:13:58","date_gmt":"2019-12-27T23:13:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vvine.ru\/historie-vinarstvi-ve-francii\/"},"modified":"2019-12-28T02:13:58","modified_gmt":"2019-12-27T23:13:58","slug":"historie-vinarstvi-ve-francii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vvine.ru\/cs\/historie-vinarstvi-ve-francii\/","title":{"rendered":"Historie vina\u0159stv\u00ed ve Francii"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Co je prvn\u00ed v\u011bc, p\u0159ijde na mysl p\u0159i zm\u00ednce o Francii? Eiffelova v\u011b\u017e, v\u00edno a Champs-elys\u00e9es. Varianty, ale „v\u00edno“ je p\u0159\u00edtomen v\u017edy. Pro samotn\u00e9 francouze v\u00edno d\u00e1vno stala ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ob\u011bda a ve\u010de\u0159e, nemluv\u011b o dovolen\u00e9 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044f\u0445. Ale tak u\u017e to v\u017edy bylo? Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat.<\/p>\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v rozvoji vina\u0159stv\u00ed ve Francii hr\u00e1li \u0159\u00edman\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed dobyli \u00fazem\u00ed Galie v I stolet\u00ed p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem i Kdy\u017e zpo\u010d\u00e1tku galov\u00e9 m\u011bli b\u00fdt p\u0159ednost brahe, n\u00e1sledn\u011b, oni byli schopni ocenit chu\u0165 v\u00edna ocen\u00ed. \u017d\u00e1ci se uk\u00e1zaly b\u00fdt velmi \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438, a ji\u017e brzy v\u00edno Galii bylo zn\u00e1mo daleko za jeho hranicemi. To je d\u016fvod, galov\u00e9 p\u0159i\u0161li skladovat v\u00edno v dubov\u00fdch sudech, kter\u00e9 byly nejen pohodln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed no\u0161en\u00ed v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s \u0430\u043c\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438, ale bettering chu\u0165 n\u00e1poje. Nyn\u00ed v\u00edno by mohlo sout\u011b\u017eit s v\u00edny It\u00e1lie. \u00dasp\u011bchu francouzsk\u00e9ho v\u00edna ani l\u00e1kav\u00e1 dokonce i „exkluzivn\u00ed“ metody c\u00edsa\u0159e \u0414\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430, kter\u00fd v 96 roce na\u0159\u00eddil \u0159ez \u010d\u00e1st \u0433\u0430\u043b\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 vinic. Ale spravedlnost zv\u00edt\u011bzila, a nov\u00fd c\u00edsa\u0159 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441 dal \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0430\u043c pr\u00e1vo zab\u00fdvat p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00edm vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9vy v pln\u00e9m rozsahu. D\u00edky rozvoji k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 v\u00edry, v \u010d\u00e1sti \u00fakon\u016f, kter\u00e9 bylo zapot\u0159eb\u00ed v\u00edno, vyv\u00edjel se a vina\u0159stv\u00ed. A ji\u017e v XII stolet\u00ed vina\u0159i ve Francii vy\u0161el na export do Anglie, \u0424\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0438\u044e a N\u011bmecka.<\/p>\n

19 stolet\u00ed nebyl nejlep\u0161\u00ed v historii v\u00fdroby v\u00edna ve Francii. Rozvoj \u017eeleznice vedla ke zni\u010den\u00ed vinic na severu zem\u011b. Ale to bylo nic ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0161kodami, kter\u00e9 p\u0159inesl \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0440. Tento mal\u00fd tipovac\u00ed p\u0159ijel z Ameriky, kter\u00fd zni\u010dil prakticky celou r\u00e9vy. Pokud by se o\u010dkov\u00e1n\u00ed francouzsk\u00e9 r\u00e9vy americk\u00e9 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c, odoln\u00fd proti \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0443, vina\u0159stv\u00ed Francie \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043e by v zapomn\u011bn\u00ed. Mnoz\u00ed vina\u0159i a nemohl obnovit, proto\u017ee za t\u00edmto \u00fatokem n\u00e1sledoval nov\u00fd – Prvn\u00ed sv\u011btov\u00e1 v\u00e1lka a \u0161patn\u00e9 sklizn\u011b. O\u017eiven\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161lo jen 40-t\u00fdch let XX stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Dnes velikost francouzsk\u00fdch vinic se pohybuje kolem 900 tis\u00edc hektar\u016f, po\u010det vyr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00fdch zna\u010dek v\u00edna d\u00e1vno n\u011bco p\u0159es deset tis\u00edc. Ka\u017ed\u00fd ze sedmi vina\u0159sk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 sv\u00fdmi tradicemi: Provence, Languedoc-Roussillon, Bordeaux a Burgundsko, \u00dadol\u00ed Rh\u00f4ny, \u00fadol\u00ed Loiry, Alsaska a, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u0160ampa\u0148sk\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Co je prvn\u00ed v\u011bc, p\u0159ijde na mysl p\u0159i zm\u00ednce o Francii? Eiffelova v\u011b\u017e, v\u00edno a Champs-elys\u00e9es. Varianty, ale „v\u00edno“ je p\u0159\u00edtomen v\u017edy. Pro samotn\u00e9 francouze v\u00edno d\u00e1vno stala ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed ob\u011bda a ve\u010de\u0159e, nemluv\u011b o dovolen\u00e9 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044f\u0445. Ale tak u\u017e to v\u017edy bylo? Poj\u010fme se pod\u00edvat. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v rozvoji vina\u0159stv\u00ed ve Francii hr\u00e1li \u0159\u00edman\u00e9,<\/p>\n

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